Eject disk in DVD drive: hold eject button on startup or restart
Force Quit [Option][Command][Escape]
Restart [Control][Command][Power]
Force Shut Down: press the power button for 10 seconds
PRAM reset [option][command][P][R]
Safe mode [shift] on startup
Safe mode with console [shift][command][V] on startup
SMC reset: shutdown, power cord out, hold power button for 5s, cord back in, restart]
The nuclear option [command][R] to initiate OS X Recovery...
AppleCare support in Dublin: Typetec, Unit G6, Calmount Business Park, Ballymount D12. ph: 5009000
Links to relevant stuff.
support.apple.com/kb/HT1149#trouble1 (basic information)
https://discussions.apple.com/docs/DOC-4571 (very informative if a bit old)
www.apple.com/support/mac101/help/ (for complete novices)